did wild bill hickok have childrenyoungest partner slaughter and may
The. In reality, Janes first verified child was born in November 1882 when she was living with rancher Frank King near Miles City, Montana. In July 1865, "Wild Bill" Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt in Springeld, MOthe rst quick-draw duel on the frontier. How Did Wild Bill Hickok Die? The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok was a 1950s TV series starring Guy Madison and Andy Devine. Some contemporaneous reports of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation. [57] The two possibly met for the first time after Jane was released from the guardhouse in Fort Laramie and joined the wagon train in which Hickok was traveling. After his release, McCall had lingered in Deadwood for a short while before heading to Wyoming. [citation needed], Leander Richardson, a reporter, interviewed McCall shortly before his execution, and wrote an article about him for the April 1877 issue of Scribner's Monthly. James Butler Hickok was born in Troy Grove, Illinois, on May 27, 1837, to William Alonzo Hickok and Polly Butler Hickok. In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65ha) tract in Johnson County, Kansas, near present-day Lenexa. Hickok was of English ancestry. Alonzo and Polly Hickok moved to Illinois in 1833, finally settling in Troy Grove (known as Homer at the time), LaSalle County, along the banks of the Little Vermillion Creek. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. England and Wales company registration number 2008885. subscribe to All About History for as little as 26. Hickok was killed August 2, 1876, at the age of 39, and Calamity Jane died of illness on August 1, 1903, at age 51; both died in South Dakota.. During his life, Hickok was a soldier, scout, stagecoach driver, lawman, gunfighter, showman, marksman, gambler, and more. Hickok remained in Hays through August 1868, when he brought 200 Cheyenne Indians to Hays to be viewed by "excursionists". Jane had been hired to travel with Kohl & Middleton Dime Museums; as she purchased her ticket out of town she told railroad agent A.O. Hickok is known to have fatally shot six men and is suspected of having killed a seventh (McCanles). Last, there is Jessiethe most credible of Calamity Janes daughters. Wild Bill - Tom Clavin 2019-02-05 The denitive true story of Wild Bill, the rst lawman of the Wild West, by the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dodge City. [68], As I write the closing lines of this brief sketch, word reaches me that the slayer of Wild Bill has been rearrested by the United State [sic?] In more recent times, however, Calamity Jane biographer James McLaird disproved McCormicks claim by researching when and how her fantastic autobiography unfolded. Behind the mission, arent those the Santa Catalina Mountains? Calamity Jane (1852-1903) was a well-known American frontierswoman and entertainment who was well-known for her marksmanship and acquaintance with Wild Bill Hickok. Hickok then tried acting in Wild West shows, which were growing in popularity. She was the eldest of as many as six children born to Robert and Charlotte (Burch) Cannary. Perhaps most famously, Harper's New Monthly Magazine printed an account of the story in 1867, claiming Hickok had killed 10 men. Several sources, including Jessie, verify the child was born on October 28. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father of her child Jean . In court she presented the judge with a doctors certificate indicating she was in a rather delicate condition, an early euphemism for pregnant. At the time, shooting stray dogs within city limits was legal, and a 50-cent bounty was paid by the city for each one shot. BA1 1UA Upon Hickoks arrival, she told him that a Confederate gang led by McCanles was pursuing him, and almost immediately they were set upon by the Confederates. [40]:196, In September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two men. Hickok lost a gold watch to Tutt in a poker game. shot Tutt to prevent the threatened impending injury [then] the jury will acquit.". There are many versions of the shootout that occurred at Rock Creek on July 12, 1861, shortly after the start of the Civil War, and all, in one way or another, contributed to Hickoks legend. She has been labeled a scout, freighter, and gambler, a drunken dance hall queen and prostitute. Citizens of the town complained to Hickok, who requested that Thompson and Coe remove the image. His reputation as a gunfighter gave rise to legends and tales about his life. Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane "Calamity Jane" Cannary and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. He drove freight wagons and coaches. He noted that the sound was similar to tapping a brick wall and believed the remains weighed more than 400lb (180kg). Did Nick McGlashan have a family? (If said child had actually existed, he or she was said to . Despite his reputation,[70] Hickok was buried in the Ingelside Cemetery, Deadwood's original graveyard. [19] According to Hickok's account, he found the road blocked by a cinnamon bear and its two cubs. Nick McGlashan loved his family, friends and fans. Though no solid record exists, he is believed to have served as a Union spy in the Confederate Army before his discharge in 1865. It was written by Michael Lanahan and directed by Timothy Woodward Jr. McCall tried to . [44] In his 1895 autobiography, published after his death, Hardin claimed to have been befriended by Hickok, the newly elected town marshal, after he had disarmed the marshal using the road agent's spin, but Hardin was known to exaggerate. In 1871 he took over as the marshal of the tough cow town of Abilene, Kansas. At the [second] trial it was suggested that [McCall] was hired to do his work by gamblers who feared the time when better citizens should appoint Bill the champion of law and order a post which he formerly sustained in Kansas border life, with credit to his manhood and his courage. Nicholss version of the shootout in Harpers grabbed the publics attention, making Hickok an instant legend whose gunfighting prowess became fodder for dime novels. Later, after bragging of his murder of Hickok, McCall was retried in Laramie, Wyoming Territory, found guilty, and hanged on March 1, 1877. Macintosh of irregularities and misconduct during the election. [34]:34 The show featured six buffalo, a bear, and a monkey, and one show ended in disaster when a buffalo refused to act, prompting Hickok to fire a bullet into the sky. Relegated to making a living through other means than law enforcement, he traveled from one town to another as a gambler. This was his sixth murder. Foxs visit coincided with the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood. On December 9, Hickok and Lanihan both served legal papers on Macintosh, and local newspapers acknowledged that Hickok had guardianship of Hays City. [74] He wore his revolvers butt-forward in a belt or sash (when wearing city clothes or buckskins, respectively), and seldom used holsters; he drew the pistols using a "reverse", "twist", or cavalry draw, as would a cavalryman. On March 5, 1876, he married Agnes Thatcher Lake, an owner of a circus in Cheyenne, Wyoming territory. He replaced Tom "Bear River" Smith, who had been killed while serving an arrest warrant on November 2, 1870. This, too, was badly defaced, and was then enclosed in a cage for protection. For confirmation that Hickok was employed as a U.S. Army scout fighting Indians in Kansas in the summer of 1867, see Ames, George Augustus, Russell, Majors and Waddell freight company, List of cultural depictions of Wild Bill Hickok, "How many men did Wild Bill Hickok actually kill? During the Civil War he found employment as a teamster and spy for the Union Army. In 1941, Jean Hickok McCormick appeared in Billings, Montana. https . On October 5, 1871, Hickok was standing off a crowd during a street brawl when Coe fired two shots. When Varnes could not be found, McCall then implicated Tim Brady in the plot. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. He was born James Butler Hickok on 27 May 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. The movie The Plainsman (1936), starring Gary Cooper as Hickok, features the alleged romance between Calamity Jane and him as its main plot line. All rights reserved. was advancing on him with a drawn pistol and that Tutt had previously made threats of personal injury to Deft. In the Clint Eastwood movie Hang em High, a tumbleweed wagon picks up prisoners to haul them off to jail. Astrological Sign: Gemini, Death Year: 1876, Death date: August 2, 1876, Death State: South Dakota, Death City: Deadwood, Death Country: United States, Article Title: Wild Bill Hickok Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/personality/wild-bill-hickok, Publisher: A&E Television Networks, Last Updated: July 28, 2020, Original Published Date: April 2, 2014. The way Wild Bill conducted himself in his later years was a direct correlation for what he did when he was a young boy. Many people knew that Jane had a "crush" on Hickok but few, if any, knew that they were married. Hickok was sent from Abilene to arrest Matt Dillon (William Conrad) for the murder of a man he had thrown out of Dodge earlier that month. He reported returning with five prisoners after killing 10. 2 Revolver on Offer at Bonhams This Fall", "Wild Bill Hickok's Death-Day Revolver Fails to Sell at California Auction", "Wild-Bill-Hickok - Trailer - Cast - Showtimes", "Josh Brolin as James Butler Hickok (aka Wild Bill)", https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0028/2964/7961/files/Deadwood_1876_Rules_English.pdf?4346553514003986582, Black Hills War, or Great Sioux War (1876), Cheyenne-Black Hills Stage Route (18761887), Sidney-Black Hills Stage Road (18761887), Rapid City, Black Hills and Western Railroad (18931947), Fossil Cycad National Monument (19221957), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wild_Bill_Hickok&oldid=1141945329, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox person with multiple parents, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, James B. Hickok, J.B. Hickok, Shanghai Bill, William Hickok, William Haycock, Bird, Roy (1979). Lancaster, California. As the scene unfolded, McCanles entered the station, and, from behind the curtain that divided it in two, either Hickok or Wellman shot McCanles. Were Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane married, and did they have a daughter? Thus began the reputation that In addition to many exploits she was known for being an acquaintance of Wild Bill Hickok.Late in her life, she appeared in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show and at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition.She is said to have exhibited compassion to others . Wild Bill Hickok's Revolver James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok's (1837-1874) pair of ivory-handled revolvers were as legendary as he was. [77][78] A print of the film is maintained in the Museum of Modern Art film archive.[79]. [46]:pp.5456[47], In August 1871, Hickok sought to arrest Hardin for killing Charles Couger in an Abilene hotel "for snoring too loud". "[27], While in Springfield, Hickok and a local gambler named Davis Tutt had several disagreements over unpaid gambling debts and their common affection for the same women. Hickok was arrested for murder, tried, and acquitted. [59], The next day, Hickok was playing poker again. "Doc" Howard, who had known Hickok, stated that Hickok had left Buffalo Bill's Wild West Exhibition "because the lights affected his eyes, so he had to give it up". Born in Homer (later called Troy Grove), Illinois, James Butler Hickok . The trial did not last more than fifteen minutes.[23]. [f], The regular county election was held on November 2, 1869. "J.B. Hickok, Deputy U.S. Wild Bill Hickok was one of the early "Heroes of the West." He had built a reputation as an extraordinary gunfighter with a sense of fairness and justice. [9], In 1865, Hickok recruited six Native Americans and three cowboys to accompany him to Niagara Falls, where he put on an outdoor demonstration called The Daring Buffalo Chasers of the Plains. He was known as a gunfighter and gambler who fought in the Civil War and was a scout for Custer's Cavalry. For the next several years, various witnesses saw Jane, who towed Jessie around with her as she drank her way across the west. Hickok never fought in another gun battle. He told Mrs. McCanles he was sorry he had to kill her man then took out $35 [$1,056 in 2021 dollars] and gave it to her saying: "This is all I have, sorry I do not have more to give you." At 4:15 in the afternoon, a young gunslinger named Jack McCall walked into the saloon, approached Hickok from behind, and shot him in the back of the head. Personal account of the foreman of the Overland Stage Company stations, as given to, Judge Boyd told the jury, "The defendant cannot set up justification that he acted in self-defense if he was willing to engage in a fight with the deceased. She claims to have known James Hickok, known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, and she is thought to have traveled with him for several years. And though it is difficult to picture her in the domestic arena, Jane was also a mother. He was holding two pairs: black aces and black eights (although there is some dispute as to the suit of one of the aces, diamond vs. spade) as his "up cards", which has since become widely known as the "dead man's hand". They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). McCall lost heavily. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey at some onlookers and yelled, "Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk." He was the son of William Alonzo and Polly Butler Hickok (Fishwick). Fox met Jessie when she interviewed Jane for an article in Illustrated American magazine. "[55], On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, a 50-year-old circus proprietor in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory. Zimmerman said that despite their closeness in age, he and Jessie didnt say much to each other. In December, the Rawlins Republican reported that Jane visited town with a little girl she had stolen. The child was no doubt Jessie, who was next seen with her mother in Ekalaka, Montana in 1894 by at least two people. No other woman in the American west possesses a more enigmatic legacy than Martha Calamity Jane Canary. They even did a stint abroad, performing for one season in Germany in 1862. Famous Cowgirls. On July 21, 1865, in a shootout in Springfield, Missouri, he killed David Tutt, a skillful gunfighter who had been flaunting the watch he won from Hickok in a poker game. Hickok chased and wounded the fleeing Gordon, who was then fatally shot by someone else (according to some by Doc Brinks, another Pony Express employee). Why were some shotguns called Greeners by cowboys in the Old West. She appears to have finally learned the truth by the time she died in 1980, for her death certificate correctly lists her mothers maiden name as Canary. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In the melee that followed, Hickok shot Woods, who, most historians agree, was then attacked and ultimately killed with a hoe by Mrs. Wellman. [6][35] Witnesses confirm that while working as a scout at Fort Harker, Kansas, on May 11, 1867, Hickok was attacked by a large group of Indians, who fled after he shot and killed two. [72] As of 2020, the flag is no longer flown. Not having the courage to do it himself, he one day filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey intending to get them into trouble with Wild Bill, hoping that they would get to shooting and in the melee shoot the marshal. 2 Army revolver, a five-shot, single-action, .32-caliber weapon, innovative as one of the first metallic cartridge firearms and favored by many Union officers during the Civil War. The family did some moving around during this time period and the next child, James Butler Hickok, was born in May of 1837. The two men faced each other sideways for a duel. Hickok moved west in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane's Free State. Tutt reached for his pistol but Hickok was the first to draw his weapon, and shot Tutt instantly, from approximately 75 yards. He was involved in several notable shootouts during the course of his life. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Less than a month after Hickok's death, the trial was found to have no legal status because Deadwood was located in Indian Territory - McCall's acquittal was deemed invalid. Bath He wanted me to go with him, and as we started on our way, imagine my surprise and uncomfortable feeling when he announced his intention of stopping at the McCanles home. authorities, and after trial has been sentenced to death for willful murder. ", Nichols, George Ward (1867). By Tyler MacDonald / May 18, 2021 9:31 am EST. After shooting Coe, Hickok caught a glimpse of someone running toward him and quickly fired two more shots in reaction, accidentally shooting and killing Abilene Special Deputy Marshal Mike Williams, who was coming to his aid. In 1876, Hickok was shot and killed while playing poker in a saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (present-day South Dakota) by Jack McCall, an unsuccessful gambler. His parents were William Alonzo Hickok and Polly Butler. Did Old West houses have outhouses, and were public facilities available? Now, she said, both Calamity Jane and another famed woman of the west, Belle Starr, were her aunts. [45], Hickok later said he did not know that "Wesley Clemmons" was Hardin's alias, and that he was a wanted outlaw. [10][pageneeded][11] In an 1867 article about his shootout with Davis Tutt, his surname was misspelled as Hitchcock. The town of Deadwood, South Dakota, re-enacts Hickok's murder and McCall's capture every summer evening. The glorification of Wild Bill Hickok began in Springfield, Mo., on July 21, 1865, when he killed gunman Dave Tutt. Also in 1995, he's depicted as a character in an episode of Legend (TV series) by William Russ, possibly most famous for his role in Wiseguy (TV series). His work included identifying and counting the number of troops in uniform who were drinking while on duty, verifying hotel liquor licenses, and tracking down individuals who owed money to the cash-strapped Union Army. Omissions? Did Wild Bill Hickok have children? One of the workers, Joseph McLintock, wrote a detailed description of the reinterment. This made it difficult for the men to carry the remains to the new site. [23][b], After the Civil War broke out in April 1861, Hickok became a teamster for the Union Army in Sedalia, Missouri. He claimed he was avenging Hickok's earlier slaying of his brother, which may have been true; a man named Lew McCall had indeed been killed by an unknown lawman in Abilene, Kansas, but whether or not the two McCall men were related is unknown. She said she was the daughter of Jane and Wild Bill Hickok, and was born in a cabin near Livingston, Montana in 1873. Deadwood was overrun with miners, gunmen, and gamblers when Hickok became a peace officer there in July 1876, relying as much on his reputation as on his diminishing gun skills, which were compromised by failing eyesight. [81], Hickok's birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial and is a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. McCormick had a lot of written proof too, which was largely believed by those who met her. Hickok may have been acting sheriff before he was elected; a newspaper reported that he arrested offenders on August 18, and the commander of Fort Hays wrote a letter to the assistant adjutant general on August 21 in which he praised Hickok for his work in apprehending deserters. [31], Several weeks later, an interview Hickok gave to Colonel George Ward Nichols, a journalist who subsequently became known as the creator of the Hickok legend,[32] was published in Harper's New Monthly Magazine. Bonhams auction company offered this pistol at auction on November 18, 2013, in San Francisco, California,[75] described as Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. Later historians, however, have presented a radically different portrayal of the events at Rock Creek. They refused, so Hickok altered it himself. The murderer escaped. To date, four children have been credited to the lady, although some of the claims have come from the children themselves. Jesse James suffered from it. The first was Bill Mulvey, who was rampaging through town, drunk, shooting out mirrors and whisky bottles behind bars. By the end of 1861, he was a wagon master, but in September 1862, he was discharged for unknown reasons. More concrete evidence of Jessie came from Charles Zimmerman, who remembered Jane and her daughters frequent visits to his familys ranch near Billings, Montana in 1893. ", DeMattos, Jack (1980). Brink, were tried for killing McCanles, but were found to have acted in self-defense. A later film (1953) and subsequent stage musical, both titled Calamity Jane, also portray a romance between Calamity Jane and Hickok. On August 2, 1876, Wild Bill Hickok died a sudden, violent death while gambling in a saloon in Deadwood, South Dakota. A legend during his life and considered one of the American west's premier gunfighters James Butler (Wild Bill) Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Troy . According to Joseph G. Rosa, Hickok's biographer and the foremost authority on Wild Bill, Hickok killed only six or seven men in gunfights. [15] He grew a moustache following the McCanles incident, and in 1861 began calling himself "Wild Bill".[16][17]. They arrived in Topeka on April 2. Writing in 1911, he detailed his admiration for Hickok and included a paragraph on the shooting that differs considerably from the reported account: "Phil" Coe was from Texas, ran the "Bull's Head" a saloon and gambling den, sold whiskey and men's souls. As vile a character as I ever met for some cause Wild Bill incurred Coe's hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the marshal. Hardin was a well-known gunfighter, and is known to have killed more than 27 men. In the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day's Calamity Jane. Coe claimed that he was shooting at a stray dog,[g] and then suddenly turned his gun on Hickok, who fired first and killed Coe. Best Known For: Wild Bill Hickok was an American frontiersman, army scout and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. . Did Wild Bill Hickok have a child? Wild Bill Hickoks legend only grew further when other stories about his fighting prowess surfaced. Calamity Jane. All About History is part of Future plc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. "Wild Bill and the Timber Thieves. Wild Bill Hickok begins to establish his reputation as a gunfighter after he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska. During this period Hickok prevented a man from beating an 11-year-old boy, who grew up to become Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickoks longtime friend. He was very famous as a lawman as he established law and order in some of the most notorious towns on the frontier. In 1876, Wild Bill Hickok was suffering from glaucoma. He was bedridden for four months before being sent to Rock Creek Station in the Nebraska Territory to work as a stable hand while he recovered. All Rights Reserved. Paramount Pictures' Western silent film Wild Bill Hickok (released on November 18, 1923) was directed by Clifford Smith and stars William S. Hart as Hickok. "The Custer-Hickok Shootout in Hays City. That winter, writer M.L. ", Judge Boyd said, "That when danger is threatened and impending a man is not compelled to stand with his arms folded until it is too late to offer successful resistance, and if the jury believe from the evidence that Tutt was a fighting character and a dangerous man and that [Defendant] was aware such was his character and that Tutt at the time he was shot by the Deft. Doc Holliday did have a bad cough, as suggested in this episode, from his tuberculosis. After his August 1876 murder, she further claimed that they had been married and that he was the father of her child. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. 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